Description
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NAD+ Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is an essential coenzyme present in all living cells, serving as a critical electron carrier in metabolic redox reactions. As a central molecule in cellular energy production, DNA repair, and epigenetic regulation, NAD+ has become a focal point of longevity and mitochondrial research.
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Biological Significance
NAD+ participates in over 500 enzymatic reactions and serves as a substrate for three major enzyme families: sirtuins (SIRT1-7), poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs), and cyclic ADP-ribose synthases (CD38/CD157). Sirtuin activation through NAD+ availability regulates mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress defense, and inflammatory gene expression. Age-related NAD+ decline is associated with diminished mitochondrial function and altered cellular homeostasis.





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